Fluorescent protein resources

Fluorescent protein resource

Ultramarine

Sirius

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Sirius	Sirius/pcDNA3 (RDB19875)	An ultramarine fluorescent protein with increased photostability and pH insensitivity. Tomosugi, W. et al., Nat. Methods. 6 (5): 351-353 (2009). PMID 19349978.

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Cyan

Kusabira Cyan

Emitting bright cyan light. There is less overlap of fluorescence spectra on yellow than ECFP.

Abbr.	Form	Excitation maxima (nm)	Emission maxima (nm)	S1 vector^#	MC1 vector^$	MN1 vector^$	MCLinker vector^*	MNLinker vector^*
Kusabira-Cyan CoralHue™ Fluorescent Protein Kikuchi A et al. Crystal structure of a new cyan fluorescent protein and its hue-shifted variants. Biochemistry 48, 5276-83 (2009) (PMID: 19402703)
KCy1	Dimer	453	486	RDB18310

Midoriishi Cyan

Emitting cyan light. There is less overlap of fluorescence spectra on yellow than ECFP

Abbr.	Form	Excitation maxima (nm)	Emission maxima (nm)	S1 vector^#	MC1 vector^$	MN1 vector^$	MCLinker vector^*	MNLinker vector^*
Midoriishi-Cyan CoralHue™ Fluorescent Protein Karasawa S et al. Cyan-emitting and orange-emitting fluorescent proteins as a donor/acceptor pair for fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Biochem J. 381, 307-312 (2004) (PMID: 15065984)
MiCy1	Dimer	472	495	RDB18265
mMiCy1	Monomer	470	496	RDB18289
hmMiCy1	Monomer	470	496		RDB18290	RDB18291	RDB18292	RDB18288

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Midoriishi-Cyan	mMiCy1/pRSETB (RDB15241)	Cyan-emitting and orange-emitting fluorescent proteins as a donor/acceptor pair for fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Karasawa, S. et al., Biochem. J. 381 (Pt 1): 307-312 (2004). PubMed PMID 15065984.

CFP

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Green

Umikinoko Green

Emitting brilliant green light. It has high pH stability.

Abbr.	Form	Excitation maxima (nm)	Emission maxima (nm)	S1 vector^#	MC1 vector^$	MN1 vector^$
Umikinoko-Green CoralHue™ Fluorescent Protein Tsutsui H et al. Improving membrane voltage measurements using FRET with new fluorescent proteins. Nat Methods. 5, 683-685 (2008) (PMID: 18622396)
mUKG1	Monomer	483	499	RDB18306
hmUKG1	Monomer	483	499	RDB18307	RDB18308	RDB18309

Azami Green

Emitting green light.

Abbr.	Form	Excitation maxima (nm)	Emission maxima (nm)	S1 vector^#	MC1 vector^$	MN1 vector^$	MCLinker vector^*	MNLinker vector^*
Azami-Green CoralHue™ Fluorescent Protein Karasawa S et al. A green-emitting fluorescent protein from Galaxeidae coral and its monomeric version for use in fluorescent labeling. J Biol Chem. 278, 34167-34171 (2003) (PMID: 12819206)
AG	Tetramer	492	505	RDB18244
mAG1	Monomer	492	505	RDB18246	RDB18247	RDB18248
hmAG1	Monomer	492	505	RDB18249	RDB18250	RDB18251	RDB18252	RDB18245
hmAG407	Monomer	407	498	RDB18328

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Azami Green	hmAG407/pRSETB (RDB15229) hmAG1/pRSETB (RDB15230).	A green-emitting fluorescent protein from Galaxeidae coral and its monomeric version for use in fluorescent labeling. Karasawa, S. et al., J. Biol. Chem. 278 (36): 34167-34171 (2003). PubMed PMID 12819206.

StayGold

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
StayGold	(n1)StayGold/pRSET (RDB19605) (n1)StayGold(c4)/pRSET (RDB19606) (n1)oxStayGold/pRSET (RDB19607) (n1)oxStayGold(c4)/pRSET (RDB19608) tdStayGold/pcDNA3 (RDB19609) tdStayGold(c4)/pBS Coupler (RDB19610) tdoxStayGold/pcDNA3 (RDB19611) tdoxStayGold(c4)/pBS Coupler (RDB19612)	A highly photostable and bright green fluorescent protein. Hirano, M. et al., Nat. Biotechnol. 2022 Apr 25. doi: 10.1038/s41587-022-01278-2. Epub ahead of print. PMID 35468954.

GFP

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
GFP	pAGP (RDB19839)	Aequorea green fluorescent protein. Expression of the gene and fluorescence characteristics of the recombinant protein. Inouye, S. and Tsuji, F.I., FEBS Lett. 341 (2-3): 277-280 (1994). PMID 8137953.
GFPS1	pGFPS1 (RDB09057) pUC-GFPS1 (RDB09059)	Cell-free protein synthesis system from Escherichia coli cells cultured at decreased temperatures improves productivity by decreasing DNA template degradation. Seki, E. et al., Anal. Biochem. 377 (2): 156-161. PMID 18375196.

h2-3

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
h2-3	h2-3/pRSETb (RDB18219)	Two new coral fluorescent proteins of distinct colors for sharp visualization of cell-cycle progression. Ando, R. et al., bioRxiv (2020) doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.30.015156.

Gamillus

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Gamillus	Gamillus/pcDNA3 (RDB19864)	Acid-Tolerant Monomeric GFP from Olindias formosa. Shinoda, H. et al., Cell Chem. Biol. 25 (3): 330-338.e7 (2018). PMID 29290624.

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Yellow

Achilles

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Achilles	Achilles/pRSETB (RDB15982)	Coupling delay controls synchronized oscillation in the segmentation clock. Yoshioka-Kobayashi, K. et al., Nature. 2020 Jan 8. doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1882-z. [Epub ahead of print]. PMID 31915376.

Venus

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Venus	Venus/pCS2 (RDB15116) mVenus/pRSETB (RDB15117)	A variant of yellow fluorescent protein with fast and efficient maturation for cell-biological applications. Nagai, T. et al., Nat. Biotechnol. 20 (1): 87-90 (2002). PubMed PMID 11753368.
Venus	cp49Venus (RDB15120) cp145Venus (RDB15121) cp157Venus (RDB15122) cp173Venus (RDB15123) cp195Venus (RDB15124) cp229Venus (RDB15125)	Expanded dynamic range of fluorescent indicators for Ca(2+) by circularly permuted yellow fluorescent proteins. Nagai, T. et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (29): 10554-10559 (2004). PubMed PMID 15247428.

Cy11.5

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Cy11.5	Cy11.5/pRSETB (RDB15706)	Concatenation of cyan and yellow fluorescent proteins for efficient resonance energy transfer. Shimozono, S. et al., Biochemistry 45 (20): 6267-6271 (2006). PubMed PMID 16700538.

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Orange

Kusabira Orange

Emitting orange light. It has pH stability. Its sharp fluorescence spectrum enables multicolor fluorescence imaging with red fluorescent proteins which are difficult to use other orange fluorescent protein.

Abbr.	Form	Excitation maxima (nm)	Emission maxima (nm)	S1 vector^#	MC1 vector^$	MN1 vector^$	MCLinker vector^*	MNLinker vector^*
Kusabira-Orange CoralHue™ Fluorescent Protein Karasawa S et al. Cyan-emitting and orange-emitting fluorescent proteins as a donor/acceptor pair for fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Biochem J. 381, 307-312 (2004) (PMID: 15065984)
KO1	Dimer	548	561	RDB18253
mKO1	Monomer	548	559	RDB18258	RDB18259	RDB18260
mKO2	Monomer	551	565	RDB18299
hKO1	Dimer	548	561	RDB18254	RDB18255	RDB18256
hmKO1	Monomer	548	559	RDB18261	RDB18262	RDB18263	RDB18264	RDB18257
hmKO2	Monomer	551	565		RDB18300	RDB18301	RDB18302	RDB18298

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Kusabira Orange	hmKO1/pRSETB (RDB15312) hmKO2/pRSETB (RDB15313)	Cyan-emitting and orange-emitting fluorescent proteins as a donor/acceptor pair for fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Karasawa, S. et al., Biochem. J. 381 (Pt 1): 307-312 (2004). PubMed PMID 15065984.
Kusabira Orange	hmKO-K/pRSETB (RDB15314)	Improving membrane voltage measurements using FRET with new fluorescent proteins. Tsutsui, H. et al., Nat. Methods 5 (8): 683-685 (2008). PubMed PMID 18622396.

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Red

AzaleaB5

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
AzaleaB5	AzaleaB5/pRSETb (RDB18218)	Two new coral fluorescent proteins of distinct colors for sharp visualization of cell-cycle progression. Ando, R. et al., bioRxiv (2020) doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.30.015156.

Keima570 and Keima-Red

Emitting orange light (maximum fluorescence 570 nm, Keima570) and red light (maximum fluorescence 620 nm, Keima-Red), respectively. Both have large Stokes shift. They are suitable for multicolor fluorescence imaging, because they are hardly affected by other colors. It is also suitable for multi-wavelength measurement by single-wavelength excitation by a laser source.

Abbr.	Form	Excitation maxima (nm)	Emission maxima (nm)	S1 vector^#	MCLinker vector^*	MNLinker vector^*
Keima570 CoralHue™ Fluorescent Protein Kogure T et al. A fluorescent variant of a protein from the stony coral Montipora facilitates dual-color single-laser fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy. Nature Biotechnology. 24: 577-581 (2006) (PMID: 16648840)
dKeima570	Dimer	440	570	RDB18294
hdKeima570	Dimer	440	570	RDB18295	RDB18296	RDB18293

Keima-Red

Abbr.	Form	Excitation maxima (nm)	Emission maxima (nm)	S1 vector^#	MN1 vector^$	MCLinker vector^*	MNLinker vector^*
Keima-Red CoralHue™ Fluorescent Protein Kogure T et al. A fluorescent variant of a protein from the stony coral Montipora facilitates dual-color single-laser fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy. Nature Biotechnology. 24: 577-581 (2006) (PMID: 16648840)
dKeima-Red	Dimer	440	616	RDB18285
mKeima-Red	Monomer	440	620	RDB18280	RDB18281
hdKeima-Red	Dimer	440	616	RDB18286		RDB18287	RDB18284
hmKeima-Red	Monomer	440	620	RDB18282		RDB18283	RDB18279

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Keima-red	tdKeima/pRSETB (RDB15232) mKeima/pcDNA3 (RDB15233) dKeima/pRSETB (RDB15234) dKeima570/pRSETB (RDB15235)	A fluorescent variant of a protein from the stony coral Montipora facilitates dual-color single-laser fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy. Kogure, T. et al., Nat. Biotechnol. 24 (5): 577-581 (2006). PubMed PMID 16648840.
Keima-red	mKeima (h)/pCS2 (RDB15236) dKeima (h)/pCS2 (RDB15237)	A sensitive and quantitative technique for detecting autophagic events based on lysosomal delivery. Katayama, H. et al., Chem. Biol. 18 (8): 1042-1052 (2011). PubMed PMID 21867919.

NpF2164g5_BV4

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
NpF2164g5_BV4	pCAG-EGFP-NpF2164g5_BV4 (RDB17331)	Rational conversion of chromophore selectivity of cyanobacteriochromes to accept mammalian intrinsic biliverdin. Fushimi, K., et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 116 (17): 8301-8309 (2019). PubMed PMID 30948637.

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Photoconversion type

Kaede

Emiting green light and can be changed irreversibly its fluorescence to red by irradiation with UV or violet (360 nm-410 nm).

Abbr.	Form	Excitation maxima (nm)	Emission maxima (nm)	S1 vector^#	MC1 vector^$	MN1 vector^$	MCLinker vector^*	MNLinker vector^*
Kaede CoralHue™ Fluorescent Protein Ando R et al. An optical marker based on the UV-induced green-to-red photoconversion of a fluorescent protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. (2002) 99(20):12651-6. (PMID: 12271129)
Kaede	Tetramer	508/572	518/580	RDB18241	RDB18242	RDB18243

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Kaede	Kaede/pRSETB (RDB15231)	An optical marker based on the UV-induced green-to-red photoconversion of a fluorescent protein. Ando, R. et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (20): 12651-12656 (2002). PubMed PMID 12271129.

Kikume Green-Red

Emiting green light and can be changed irreversibly its fluorescence to red by irradiation with UV or violet (360 nm-410 nm). Shows higher photoconversion efficiency than Kaede.

Abbr.	Form	Excitation maxima (nm)	Emission maxima (nm)	S1 vector^#	MC1 vector^$	MN1 vector^$	MCLinker vector^*	MNLinker vector^*
Kikume Green-Red CoralHue™ Fluorescent Protein Habuchi S et al. mKikGR, A monomeric photoswitchable fluorescent protein. PLoS ONE 3, e3944 (2008) (PMID: 19079591) Tsutsui H. et al. Semi-rational engineering of a coral fluorescent protein into an efficient highlighter. EMBO Rep. 6, 233-238 (2005) (PMID: 15731765)
KikGR1	Tetramer	507/583	517/593	RDB18272	RDB18273	RDB18274
mKikGR1	Monomer	505/580	517/591	RDB18304
hKikGR1	Tetramer	507/583	517/593	RDB18275	RDB18276	RDB18277	RDB18278	RDB18271
hmKikGR1	Monomer	505/580	517/591				RDB18305	RDB18303

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Kikume Green-Red	KikGR/pRSETB (RDB15259)	Semi-rational engineering of a coral fluorescent protein into an efficient highlighter. Tsutsui, H. et al., EMBO Rep. 6 (3): 233-238 (2005). PubMed PMID 15731765.
Kikume Green-Red	mKikGR/pRSETB (RDB15261)	mKikGR, a monomeric photoswitchable fluorescent protein. Habuchi, S. et al., PLoS One 3 (12): e3944 (2008). PubMed PMID 19079591.
h41pkve6 (derivative of Kikume Green-Red)	Xpa (RDB15264) Xpa H62Q (RDB15265)	A diffraction-quality protein crystal processed as an autophagic cargo. Tsutsui, H. et al., Mol. Cell 58 (1): 186-193 (2015). PubMed PMID 25773597.

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Photochromism type

SuperNova Green

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
SuperNova Green	SuperNova Green/pRSETB (RDB19865)	Green monomeric photosensitizing fluorescent protein for photo-inducible protein inactivation and cell ablation. Riani, Y.D. et al., BMC Biol. 2018 Apr 30;16(1):50 PMID 29712573.

Kohinoor 2.0

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Kohinoor 2.0	Kohinoor 2.0/pcDNA3 (RDB19862)	A photoswitchable fluorescent protein for hours-time-lapse and sub-second-resolved super-resolution imaging. Wazawa, T. et al., Microscopy (Oxf). 70 (4): 340-352 (2021). PMID 33481018.

Dronpa Green

Emiting green light and can be turned fluorescence on and off. It can be bleached by strong irradiation at about 500 nm. Bleached Dronpa Green can be restored by irradiation at about 400 nm. It is suitable for super-resolution microscope observation by Photoactivated localization microscopy (PALM) method.

Abbr.	Form	Excitation maxima (nm)	Emission maxima (nm)	S1 vector^#	MC1 vector^$	MN1 vector^$	MCLinker vector^*	MNLinker vector^*
Dronpa Green CoralHue™ Fluorescent Protein Ando R et al. Regulated fast nucleocytoplasmic shuttling observed by reversible protein highlighting. Science 306, 1370-1373 (2004) (PMID: 15550670)
DG1	Monomer	503	518	RDB18267	RDB18268	RDB18269
hDG1	Monomer	503	518				RDB18270	RDB18266
DG3	Monomer	491	514	RDB18297

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Dronpa-Green	Dronpa/pRSETB (RDB15256) 22G/pRSETB (RDB15255)	Regulated fast nucleocytoplasmic shuttling observed by reversible protein highlighting. Ando, R. et al., Science 306 (5700): 1370-1373 (2004). PubMed PMID 15550670.
Dronpa-Green	Dronpa2/pRSETB (RDB15257) Dronpa3/pRSETB (RDB15258)	Highlighted generation of fluorescence signals using simultaneous two-color irradiation on Dronpa mutants. Ando, R. et al., Biophys. J. 92 (12): L97-99 (2007). PubMed PMID 17384059.

rsGamillus

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
rsGamillus	rsGamillus-S/pcDNA3 (RDB19867) rsGamillus-F/pcDNA3 (RDB19868)	Acid-Tolerant Reversibly Switchable Green Fluorescent Protein for Super-resolution Imaging under Acidic Conditions. Shinoda, H. et al., Cell Chem. Biol. 26 (10): 1469-1479.e6 (2019). PMID 31422907.

SPOON

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
SPOON	SPOON/pcDNA3 (RDB19863)	Spontaneously Blinking Fluorescent Protein for Simple Single Laser Super-Resolution Live Cell Imaging. Arai, Y. et al., ACS Chem. Biol. 13 (8): 1938-1943 (2018). PMID 29963852.

SuperNova

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
SuperNova	SuperNova/pRSETB (RDB19866)	SuperNova, a monomeric photosensitizing fluorescent protein for chromophore-assisted light inactivation. Takemoto, K. et al., Sci. Rep. 3: 2629 (2013). PMID 24043132.

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Timer type

Kusabira Green Orange

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
Kusabira Green Orange	mK-GO (RDB15244)	Age-dependent preferential dense-core vesicle exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells revealed by newly developed monomeric fluorescent timer protein. Tsuboi, T. et al., Mol. Biol. Cell. 21 (1): 87-94 (2010). PubMed PMID 19889833.

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Destabilized- and Secreted-FPs

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
CFP	pdsCFP (RDB15993) (destabilized FP)	Time-lapse imaging of microRNA activity reveals the kinetics of microRNA activation in single living cells. Ando, H. et al., Sci. Rep. 7 (1): 12642 (2017). PubMed PMID 28974737.
GFP	pdsGFP (RDB15992) (destabilized FP)	Time-lapse imaging of microRNA activity reveals the kinetics of microRNA activation in single living cells. Ando, H. et al., Sci. Rep. 7 (1): 12642 (2017). PubMed PMID 28974737.
Venus	pdsVenus (RDB15994) (destabilized FP)	Time-lapse imaging of microRNA activity reveals the kinetics of microRNA activation in single living cells. Ando, H. et al., Sci. Rep. 7 (1): 12642 (2017). PubMed PMID 28974737.

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
GFP	pMRX-bsr-ss-sfGFP (RDB19002) (secreted FP)	Knockout analysis of Rab6 effector proteins revealed the role of VPS52 in the secretory pathway. Homma, Y., Fukuda, M., Biochem0 Biophys. Res. Commun. 561: 151-157 (2021). PubMed PMID 34023780.

FPs with signal sequence and tags

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
GFP	pcDNA3.1-myc-GFP (RDB14213) (myc-tagged FP)	Human TNRC6A is an Argonaute-navigator protein for microRNA-mediated gene silencing in the nucleus. Nishi, K. et al., RNA 19 (1): 17-35 (2013). PMID 23150874. (original).
GFP	pCMFlag_EGFP (RDB06071) (FLAG-tagged FP)	unpublished

Non-fluorescent chromoprotein

cjBlue

Protein	Resource (cat.num.)	Reference
cjBlue	cjBlue/pRSETB (RDB15242) cjBlue Y64L/pRSETB (RDB15243)	Structural characterization of a blue chromoprotein and its yellow mutant from the sea anemone Cnidopus japonicus. Chan, M.C. et al., J. Biol. Chem. 281 (49): 37813-37819 (2006). PubMed PMID 17028187.

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Thermostable fluorescent protein

Sea cactus thermostable green fluorescent protein, CoGFP
Thermostable fluorescent protein and its utility.
Murai M, Ogoh K, Kinebuchi T, Suzuki H.
Japan patent unregistered 2014-60947.

		25℃	70℃	100℃
Upper, before heating. Lower, after heating at 100℃ for 10 minutes. Observed at room temperature.	Relative fluorescent intencity.
	GFP of A. victoria	1072	1087	629
	WT	4770	4229	703
	Th1wt	8067	7236	2162
	Th2wt	7668	7525	3711

Catalog no.	Name of clone	Characteristic
RDB14364	pCoGFP-Th1wt	wild type
RDB14366	pCoGFP-Th2wt	wild type
RDB14365	pCoGFP-Th1co	Optimize codons for transfection into mammalian cells
RDB14367	pCoGFP-Th2co	Optimize codons for transfection into mammalian cells

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Arranged vector

Catalog num. Clone name Description	Antibiotic/visual marker	Promoter	Antibiotics (bacteria)
RDB10118 pmPGKpacECFPpA Expression vector of pac-ECFP with mPGK promoter.	Puro & ECFP	CAG	Amp
RDB06071 pCMFlag_EGFP Expression vector of GFP, with FLAG-tag, control vector.	FLAG-EGFP	CMV	Amp
RDB07071 pdxEFFlag_EGFPit2 Expression vector of EGFP.	FLAG-EGFP	EF-1 alpha	Amp
RDB07073 pdxEFFlag_EGFPit2 Expression vector of EGFP.	FLAG-EGFP	EF-1 alpha	Amp
RDB07631 pCAEGFP Expression vector of GFP driven by CA promoter.	EGFP	CAG	Amp
RDB08525 pPyCAG-EGFP-IP Expression clone of GFP under the control of CAG promoter, puromycin resistance.	Puro & EGFP	CAG	Amp
RDB08526 pPyCAG-EGFP-IZ Expression clone of GFP under the control of CAG promoter, zeocin resistance.	Bleo(Zeo) & EGFP	CAG	Amp
RDB08527 pPyCAG-EGFP-ID Expression clone of GFP under the control of CAG promoter, HisD resistance.	HisD & EGFP	CAG	Amp
RDB08528 pPyCAG-EGFP-IB Expression clone of GFP under the control of CAG promoter, Blasticidin resistance.	BSD & EGFP	CAG	Amp
RDB08529 pBRPyCAG-EGFP-IH Expression clone of GFP under the control of CAG promoter, hygromycin resistance	Hygro & EGFP	CAG	Amp
RDB08530 pBRPyCAG-EGFP-IN Expression clone of GFP under the control of CAG promoter, neomycin resistance	Neo & EGFP	CAG	Amp
RDB03006 pCAEGFP Expression vectoe of jellyfish GFP	EGFP	CAG	Amp
RDB03956 pCAEGFP Expression vector of EGFP.	EGFP	CAG	Amp

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FPbase
Table of Fluorochromes (Salk Institute for Biological Studies)

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(GRP0050e 2013.06.23 T.M.)

2023.05.20